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KMID : 1009020240220010095
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Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience
2024 Volume.22 No. 1 p.95 ~ p.104
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Hyperarousal-state of Insomnia Disorder in Wake-resting State Quantitative Electroencephalography
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Jang Gyu-Tae
Jung Han-Wool
Kim Ji-Heon
Kim Han-Sol
Shin Ji?Hyeon
Kim Chan-Hyung
Kim Do-Hoon
Lee Sang-Kyu
Roh Dae-Young
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Abstract
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Objective: Insomnia is associated with elevated high-frequency electroencephalogram power in the waking state. Although affective symptoms (e.g., depression and anxiety) are commonly comorbid with insomnia, few reports distinguished objective sleep disturbance from affective symptoms. In this study, we investigated whether daytime electroencephalographic activity explains insomnia, even after controlling for the effects of affective symptoms.
Methods: A total of 107 participants were divided into the insomnia disorder (n = 58) and healthy control (n = 49) groups using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview and diagnostic criteria for insomnia disorder. The participants underwent daytime resting-state electroencephalography sessions (64 channels, eye-closed).
Results: The insomnia group showed higher levels of anxiety, depression, and insomnia than the healthy group, as well
as increased beta [t(105) = ?2.56, p = 0.012] and gamma [t(105) = ?2.44, p = 0.016] spectra. Among all participants, insomnia symptoms positively correlated with the intensity of beta (r = 0.28, p ＜ 0.01) and gamma (r = 0.25, p ＜ 0.05) spectra. Through hierarchical multiple regression, the beta power showed the additional ability to predict insomnia symptoms beyond the effect of anxiety (ΔR2 = 0.041, p = 0.018).
Conclusion: Our results showed a significant relationship between beta electroencephalographic activity and insomnia symptoms, after adjusting for other clinical correlates, and serve as further evidence for the hyperarousal theory of insomnia. Moreover, resting-state quantitative electroencephalography may be a supplementary tool to assess insomnia.
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KEYWORD
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Spectral power analysis, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale
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